Winning Ways | July 2020
We are super excited to see that we are all gradually able to get back to showing again as we navigate this new environment! Read on for exciting updates we would like to share with the SynNutra family…
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We are super excited to see that we are all gradually able to get back to showing again as we navigate this new environment! Read on for exciting updates we would like to share with the SynNutra family…
Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome is a common ailment of horses, causing discomfort, colic and poor performance. An estimated 60-90% of performance horses are afflicted, with racehorses being the most affected. The various equine industries spend millions of dollars each year attempting to treat and manage equine gastric ulcers. This article attempts to give the reader an understanding of how gastric ulcers develop and how the available treatment methods work. A better understanding will help one effectively prevent, manage and treat equine gastric ulcers.
There is a great deal of misinformation written about equine gastric ulcers, its causes and treatments. Understanding the causes (the interaction of environmental and physiological processes) and the potential treatments will help you manage ulcers in your horse.
The healthy horse’s stomach constantly produces hydrochloric acid during daylight as part of the normal digestive process. The lining of the stomach is coated with mucus that is produced by the gastric mucosal epithelium. This mucus layer protects the gastric epithelium from acid damage (Fig. 1). Multiple mechanisms are responsible for acid and mucus production, but histamine is an important stimulus for acid secretion and prostaglandins (PG) stimulate mucus production.

A healthy mucus layer protects the underlying gastric epithelium from the hydrochloric acid produced in the stomach. Reduced mucus production causes erosions and the formation of deep ulcers.
Horses are grazing animals and eat throughout the day, continuously producing acid. However, most performance and pleasure horses are stall-confined with long intervals between feedings. During times of feed restriction the stomach contents actually become more acidic. As long as the mucus layer is intact, the epithelium lining of the stomach is protected. The risk for gastric ulcer development exists when the mucus layer is compromised, typically by stress and/or medication.
Since PGs are important signals for mucus production, anything that suppresses PG production suppresses mucus production. PG production is inhibited by NSAIDs (phenylbutazone, flunixin, ketoprofen, etc.) and, even more importantly, stress. In racehorses and other performance horses, the stress of training and competition is the most important factor leading to equine gastric ulcers. When the mucus layer thins and does not thoroughly coat the stomach lining, the epithelium is damaged by the strong acid in the stomach. When the epithelial layer is breached a gastric ulcer is formed (Fig. 1).
Sources of stress include:
Diagnosis of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome is often made based on clinical signs and response to treatment. Since gastric ulcers are so common, a tentative diagnosis is frequently made for any horse with poor appetite and weight loss, among other signs. Although practical and usually accurate, endoscopic examination is necessary for a definitive diagnosis (Fig. 2).
Signs of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome include:


Endoscopic images of a horses stomach. The image on the left is normal with no signs of gastric ulcers. The image on the right demonstrates severe gastric ulcers.
Treatment of equine gastric ulcers can be divided into a few different categories: acid reduction, coating/ soothing and epithelial healing. By far the most popular treatments over the past few decades have focused on reducing acid production. These treatments are further subdivided:
The most notable gastric ulcer coating agent is sucralfate. Sucralfate (CarafateTM) adheres to the exposed sub-epithelial tissue forming a barrier similar to the mucus layer. Sucralfate acts as a mucosal protectant and is commonly used as an adjunct in ulcer management
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome has long been a significant and costly problem for horses and owners. Even so, equine gastric ulcers often go undiagnosed and are usually under-treated. Stress and the overuse of NSAIDs are the major causes, with stress being the most important.
Pharmacologic therapy remains the standard approach for EGUS management. Although not always effective, with high healing rates when appropriately administered. Newer methods that promote gastric ulcer healing are not only highly effective, they are also surprisingly affordable.
This article is intended for veterinary educational purposes and reflects the author’s clinical experience and interpretation of current literature.
Nutraceutical is a relatively new word. So new, in fact, that my spellcheck doesn’t recognize it. Nutraceutical is the product of smashing “nutrition” and “pharmaceutical” together, becoming representative of finding a natural pathway to better health, performance and treatment of disease.
According to the National Nutraceutical Center, Nutraceuticals are made from herbal or botanical raw materials. More than 40 percent of Americans use alternative medical therapies in the form of Nutraceuticals to treat and cure ailments and disease, without the negative side effects of prescription drugs.
Humans are not the only species being treated with Nutraceuticals. Recently the equestrian world has been hit harder than ever with criticisms and accusations of over-medicating, and the use of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs). In racing this includes the controversial use of Lasix (a diuretic used to prevent pulmonary hemorrhage) and other PEDs like adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Clenbuterol and now banned anabolic steroids. For many years trainers have used these controversial drugs in an attempt to create a faster, stronger animal with rapid recovery time.
A variety of performance enhancing pharmaceuticals are also used in sport or show horses to improve performance in a given endeavor. This can be easily deduced based on the 29-page list of Prohibited Substances released by the Federation Equestrian International. In recent years, equestrians have received a positive test for medications ranging from the sedative Reserpine to the ulcer treatment Cimetidine. For each of the last three years, at least four new substances have joined the prohibited or controlled list. Examples of controlled substances that can still be used with veterinary permission are Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAID) such as Phenylbutazone and Flunixin, both low-level painkillers.
Is the use of pharmaceuticals for performance enhancement bad horsemanship? The answer lies in personal preference based on catering to the horse’s overall purpose, the medication’s effect on the horse and what the trainer is trying to achieve.
The products we develop have been formulated by taking a unique problem solving approach to individual health issues. “Synergistic” means various parts are working together to produce an enhanced result, a product greater than the sum of its parts (vocabulary.com). Synergistic and nutraceutical are the sire and dam of SynNutra. After spending more than a quarter century treating performance horse health issues, the professionals here at SynNutra have found a synergistic way to help horses become the best they can be, using multiple herbs and endogenous nutrients. SynNutra is able to provide clients with natural, healthy horsepower formulated to help your horse become all he or she can be, without the risks and side effects of prescription drugs.
A hotwalker is not a person who struts the corner on the wrong side of town, when the trainer tells you to “shank that horse” he is not telling you to stab the horse with a blade, and “that jockey has the bug” certainly doesn’t mean he is terminally ill. Its got a beautiful backside is not a discreet comment about your derrière and “meet me by the window” does not mean go to the closest source of daylight.
The racetrack is full of slang, jargon, vernacular, and literally hundreds of words and phrases whose use is foreign to everyday horse lovers and the general public. One could make a whole dictionary of words, I ain’t got time for that but here are some favorites.
Backside: The private stable area where the horses live on the racetrack grounds
Back-tracking: Exercising the horse clockwise along the outside rail of the racetrack. Also known as going “the wrong way”. Many horses warm up for a gallop or breeze by jogging (a gait faster than a walk and slower than a gallop) backtrack or they jog backtrack a mile or two as their light exercise for that day.
Blinkers: A little hooded-looking piece of attire worn on the horse’s head and face with plastic attachments blocking the horse’s ability to look behind him or too much to the sides. The idea is to keep the horses focus ahead and on the finish line. The cups diminish distraction and keep the horse on a straight path down the track.

Breaking: The process of training a horse to accept a rider and obey basic commands while being ridden. Also the action of blasting out of the starting gate like they do at the beginning of a race, breaking from the gate.
Bug-boy or Bug: A jockey or jockette who is in his or her first year of riding races at a sanctioned racetrack. “Having the Bug” refers to a 10-pound, seven pound, or five pound weight allowance. The weight allowances differ depending on the state, but the whole idea is to give beginning riders a break so trainers have an incentive to use them. The break in weight can make up for the rider’s lack of experience and could ultimately help a horse win in a race where it otherwise would not have.
Bullet: The fastest workout of the day going a specific distance. The bullet will have a black dot next to the recorded workout in the Daily Racing Form.
Claimer or Running for a tag: A horse that is entered in a race with a pre-specified purchase price named. Trainers and owners can purchase the horse out of the race for that price. Claiming races are a way of creating level or somewhat level competition. You can claim as horse for as little as $2,500 or as much as $100,000!

Colors: Another name for the jockey’s brightly colored silks, representing the owner or partnership that owns the horse.
Common: A slang term used to describe a horse that doesn’t want to win a race! “That colt is so talented he could win any race if he wasn’t so common.”
Distaff: A race for fillies and mares.
Dogs: Dogs are traffic cones! Dogs are placed on the track to change the training boundaries. For example, dogs would be placed down the middle path of the track for horses breezing on the turf. By working around the dogs, as opposed to the normal place along the inside rail, the inside racing paths are not destroyed during practice.
Drop the slip: When claiming a horse, a claim slip is filled out and signed by a trainer authorized to claim a horse (meaning the money for the claim is in the account), and the slip is dropped into a locked box before the claiming race begins. All claims for that race are collected in that box and if you have a typo, wrong date, or name misspelled the claim will be tossed out and you will not be awarded the horse.
Furlong: An eighth of a mile. A unit of measurement commonly used to describe racing and breezing distances and measured by poles placed in 1/16 mile intervals around the racetrack oval.
Gap: A break in the fence line where horses and riders can enter and exit the track during morning training. If a naughty horse “makes the gap” that means they take the rider on an out-of-control path straight off the racetrack, no bueno!
Gelding: A castrated male horse.
Get tied on: Put your feet in the stirrups; get your knot in the reins tied, make sure your saddle is on tight and then hold on rider cause this horse is going to be frisky!
Guinea Stand: A high stand on the backside where grooms watch the races and trainers can watch their horses work while cackling with each other like hens in a henhouse.

Green horse: An inexperienced horse. This can describe the horse in general or a specific behavior for example: “He was green in the gate”, which means the horse had no experience with the starting gate.
Hit the board: When a horse finishes first, second, or third in a race.
Hotwalker: A person who hand-walks horses to cool them out after training or to simply stretch their legs for the lightest form of exercise.
Lugging (in/out): A horse who pulls towards the inside or outside rail. In its most minimal form, this can be annoying and cause the rider some degree of discomfort but in an extreme case, lugging is dangerous. A horse lugging out on the turn of a race can dart across traffic causing a serious accident or take himself and his rider all the way out over the outside rail in a disastrous crash.
Maiden: A horse that has never won a race.
On the muscle: When a horse is pulling its rider around the track or pulling its hotwalker around the shedrow. This horse is feeling frisky, fit, and full of life, probably needs to race soon!
Pony Horse: A regular-sized horse that accompanies the racehorses during morning training, acts as a taxi for a trainer who wants to see his or her horses train up close, and is used to warm-up and escort racehorses to the starting gate in the afternoon. Many pony horses are Thoroughbred ex-racehorses.
Racetracker: A person who works on the backside of the racetrack, a term that encompasses a way of life. “Once a racetrack, always a racetracker.”
Ruled Off: You are no longer allowed to step foot on racetrack grounds, you have done something pretty bad, maybe you have been caught stealing toilet paper from the track bathroom or maybe you have killed someone. Even horses can get ruled off the track if their behavior is so severe they become a danger to others.

Shedrow: Refers to the barn or stable. This word is usually used to describe the stable’s appearance or the management of the employees and horses. A couple examples would be “Your shedrow looks great” or “Joe sure runs a tight shedrow.”
Shank: A leather lead strap about eight feet long with a length of chain on the end used to help control a headstrong horse. Most racehorses are led with a shank at all times.

Spit box: Also known as the test barn. Race winners must report to the spit box for post-race drug testing.
String: A group of horses kept at one track. For example, if trainer John Smith had five strings that would mean he has five groups of horses at different tracks.
The window: The place to go to make or cash a bet. Betting windows are all over inside of the racetrack grandstand, clubhouse, and at Keeneland they even have drive thru betting windows.

Tongue-tie: A piece of cloth used to tie a horses tongue down during training or racing. Tying the tongue helps the horse breath more freely and keeps the tongue under the bit.
Tow-ring: A slang term for the outdoor oval area used to cool out horses.
Valet: The guy, or sometimes gal, who get the jockey’s silks and other equipment ready for each race and helps the trainer saddle the horse for the race. Not pronounce val-aaaaaaaayyyy like the guy that parks your car but pronounced just as it’s spelled.
Whoa-back (Ho-Back): Heard all over every track, this is shouted to warn the person walking or riding behind you that you are coming to a halt. Riders and hotwalkers use these words frequently.
Workout, Work, or Breeze: A quick, timed length of exercise. This is about ¾ race speed at any distance from 1/8 of a mile to an entire mile. Works are used to prepare a horse to race and to keep a horse fit between races.
“I think we need stitches,” was the text I received last Sunday at 8:30 p.m. My friend Jessie’s three-year-old Quarter Horse Ghost had a major cut on his hind leg. Talk about bad timing, our attempts to get ahold of a vet were futile and with the truck in the shop, an expensive trip to the equine ER out of the question.

Upon closer inspection Ghost had exposed the bone in a clean and ugly slice on the outside of his lower left hind and also had a deep cut on the outside of his ankle. Luckily Jessie had put together a fabulous equine first aid kit containing everything we needed and more. We pulled out several must haves; a bottle of Betadine scrub, a Telfa pad, rolled cotton, Vetwrap, Elastikon, and Chlorhexidine ointment.
Ghost was in pain, he was sweating, agitated, stopping his feet and swishing his tail. In the dim light we ran cool water from the hose over the cuts and used the Betadine surgical scrub to clean the areas around and in the two wounds. The flow of blood had begun to slow down so we slapped a glob of Chorlorahexidine with the sterile Telfa pads over the two wounds. Wrapping the leg in clean cotton we made a compression bandage applying the Vetwrap tightly around the leg and using the Elastikon to adhere and seal the wrap at the top and bottom, keeping dirt and debris out and helping to secure the bandage.
Early the next morning we took Ghost to the vet and swelled with pride as he told us that we had done a “textbook” job caring for the injury!

With recent events in mind here is a list of items to keep in a first aid kit, you never know when you might come home to an equine accident.
Include a basic first aid book and ask your vet if he or she has any additions or suggestions for your kit. Always attempt to contact a vet in the case of an emergency or as soon as possible afterwards.
Aside from standing in the winners’ circle, naming a racehorse is arguably one of the most fun parts of ownership. Over the years we have seen beautiful, witty, stoic, and even downright perverse names, each with a story behind it. Obtaining the perfect name can be more of a process than you think.
The Jockey Club has quite a few rules to keep in mind when registering your foal’s name. If a foreign language is used there must be an accompanying translation to English. Graded Stakes winner and Spanish named Tres Borrachos translates to “Three Drunks” in English. I wonder who he was named after?
Horses registered in the same country cannot have the same name at the same time, so put on your creative thinking cap! A name becomes fair game after five or 10 years if the horse has not had a significant racing or breeding career. In the case of an iconic runner their name will be marked with a P for Permanent in the Online Names Book and will never again be available; for example: Secretariat (P).
Just like a tweet or a vanity plate for your car, the name can only include a certain number of characters. The maximum is 18 characters, which can result in the challenging to read “all one word” named horses like Allabouttheladies and Howaboutthemheels.
Names ending with “filly, colt, stud, mare, stallion” or other horse references can’t be used. However, names beginning with those references are allowed such as Filly Cheesecake, Fillyfillybangbang, Coltergeist, Coltimus Prime, and Horse B With You.
A living person’s name cannot be used unless written consent has been presented to The Jockey Club. California trainer Vladimir Cerin named the horse “Blake” after his middle son but according to the rule above, his youngest son “Colt” will not have a horse with his namesake. A horse named Melanyhasthepapers honored a Santa Anita racing office employee who controls the registration papers.
Names of the no longer living can only be used with a satisfactory explanation sent to The Jockey Club. If you name a horse after a deceased relative you better hope it wins a few races so your honoree is not rolling in their grave! Fan favorite Paynter was originally named MC’s Dream after late jockey Michael Baze and his name was changed when he changed ownership.

Names with artistic or creative reference are off the table. I galloped a horse initially called The Wall, in reference to the timeless Pink Floyd album. That name did not pass inspection with The Jockey Club but he was successfully renamed Doubledeesonthetee in reference to the owners’ sisters, both with names beginning with D, golfing together.
A name will not pass the Registrar’s scrutiny if it has an obscene meaning, or is in poor taste. Owner Mike Pegram seems to find joy in skirting the Jockey Club name laws with his fun and risqué appellations. Some of the most memorable are Letthebiggatorout, Isitingood, and Myfavoritehigh. Breeder and trainer Barry Abrams attempted the questionable name Nutzapper. The Jockey Club rejected that so he renamed the gelding Guts after a horse he had conditioned back in his harness training days.
Despite all the rules it’s still possible to come up with a crowd pleasing name. My Wife Knows Everything and My Wife Doesn’t Know duke it out in the stretch in this now-famous race call from Monmouth Park!
On the heels of the Kentucky Derby many people wonder how winner California Chrome travelled to and from his home racetrack of Los Alamitos in Cypress, California, to Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky.

California Chrome wasn’t shipped by train and he wasn’t driven in a trailer. He was flown by air in a Boeing 727 Cargo plane. It sounds unbelievable but there are numerous reasons why the best horses in the world are flown from race-to-race instead carried in a horse van.
Horses are foragers and their bodies function best when they have freedom to move around. A trip from Southern California to Churchill Downs, takes about 35 hours for a direct drive, and with layovers it could take up to three days! Your Derby winner would have arrived exhausted, stressed, underweight and possibly ill.
Reducing travel time reduces stress so a horse can stay at the peak of his performance ability and even train the next morning. From stall-to-stall, California Chrome was on the road for about six hours before arriving in Kentucky.

The best show horses and racehorses in the world can accumulate more frequent flier miles than George Clooney in Up In The Air! No security lines, free access to hay, and experienced handlers delivering first-class care make air travel a tempting transportation method. The only part that is unappealing is the price tag. Most flights cost from $3,500 – $10,000 per horse. This explains why only the upper class equines are making trips through the sky, while the bourgeoisie are still riding in a traditional horse van.
When California Chrome arrived at the airport, he was lead off of a large, semi-sized horse van, and up a gangplank walkway (with secure siding), and into the plane. His hooves never touched the runway. He and his equine travel mates were contained in slots lined up and facing the front of the plane. Racehorses usually ship calmly because each slot is similar to another small space they are accustomed to, the starting gate. In case of a rare emergency, the knowledgeable employees of the equine airline are qualified to administer tranquilizer.

No pilot announcements and no windows make the landing a surprise for human companions. No temperature regulation can result in what I have heard people call “the flying icebox”. There are several rows of seats located in the back of the plane behind the horses for the grooms, riders and trainers.
California Chrome had an even shorter flight when he shipped to Maryland for the Preakness and his shot at the Triple Crown. Best of luck as you fly to the wire California Chrome!
Every year there is full-blown battle to obtain one of the 20 available spots in the Kentucky Derby’s starting gate. Only the absolute best three-year-old Thoroughbreds gain entry and a chance to win their place in the history books.

For 27 years Graded Stake earnings controlled admission to the Derby, win the most money, secure your spot. As with many things in life, and horseracing, this just wasn’t fair. Two-year-olds that won the rich Breeders’ Cup Juvenile or million dollar Delta Jackpot were getting in without a promising start in the months leading up to the big day and horses who were just beginning to blossom were not granted entry but merely playing catch-up as Derby Day approached.
The point system was introduced for the crop of horses to be entered in the 2013 Kentucky Derby. Points were distributed to the top finishers of appointed prep races based on a sliding scale designed to fill the starting gate with the best three-year-olds, best equipped to run one mile and one quarter on the first Saturday in May (Rogers, 2013).

Street Sense (2004) is the only horse in history to have won the Breeders’ Cup Juvenile and the Kentucky Derby. A lot can happen to a horse’s ability during the six months pre-Derby while it has to maintain its young form and get the longer distance. Although the BC Juvenile remains high in dollars, nowadays the first place finisher earns a meager 10 points.Often a horse is entered in the Kentucky Derby with hopes that the horse will sweep the entire Triple Crown Series, not just win the Derby. Ideally, horses earning their way into the Derby show potential to compete in the Preakness and Belmont and the point system puts the most emphasis on preps occurring closest to the main event.
The most important preps are the final “big seven” like the Florida Derby, Santa Anita Derby, and Arkansas Derby, with 100 points awarded to the winner. Interestingly the “Hail Mary” of Derby preps, The Derby Trial, runs one week before the main event and is not offered as a Derby prep point race.

It’s notable that the D. Wayne Lukas trainee Strong Mandate has 11 points, placing him 29th on the list with no hope of being in the body of the race. His earnings however are over $479K; in previous years he would have held the 13th spot.
In the case of a tie for the coveted 20th spot, non-restricted Stake earnings will be applied.
Good luck to all in the 140th running of the historical and beautiful Kentucky Derby on May 3, 2014 and may the best horse win!